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Peppermint (Mentha x piperita)
A hybrid between the Spearmint - mentha spicata and Water mint - mentha aquatica. Peppermint is one of the oldest medicinal herbs. Peppermint has quadrangular stems with leaves that grow in opposite pairs. They are 9 cm, long, 3 cm broad, oval and pointed at each end with a serrated margin and dot-like glands on the underside that are more apparent when the leaf is held up against the light.
The flowers are small, lilac or reddish-purple, in tight circles at the base of the leaves. The last pair of leaves is rarely with flowers. Peppermint is thought to originate from Eastern Asia; it is now widely cultivated especially in Europe and America. The aerial parts (parts that grow above the ground) and the oil are used medicinally.
Peppermint is carminative (relieves digestive gas and indigestion), choleretic (stimulates the liver to produce more bile), and antiemetic (relieves nausea and vomiting). It has spasmolytic (muscle spasm relaxing) and diaphoretic (induce perspiration) properties. Peppermint has an antiseptic action when taken internally or when the oil is applied externally. When applied externally it also has an antipruritic effect (relieves intense itching).
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